Performance Evaluation of Modbus TCP in Normal Operation and Under A Distributed Denial of Service Attack

Eric Gamess¹ , Brody Smith¹ , and Guillermo Francia III²

¹MCIS Department, Jacksonville State University, Jacksonville, AL, USA

²Center for Cybersecurity, University of West Florida, Pensacola, FL, USA

Abstract 

Modbus is the de facto standard communication protocol for the industrial world. It was initially designed to be used in serial communications (Modbus RTU/ASCII). However, not long ago, it was adapted to TCP due to the increasing popularity of the TCP/IP stack. Since it was originally designed for controlled serial lines, Modbus does not have any security features. In this paper, we wrote several benchmarks to evaluate the performance of networking devices that run Modbus TCP. Parameters reported by our benchmarks include: (1) response time for Modbus requests, (2) maximum number of requests successfully handled by Modbus devices in a specific amount of time, and (3) monitoring of Modbus devices when suffering a Distributed Denial of Service attack. Due to the growing adoption of IoT technologies, we also selected two widely known and inexpensive development boards (ESP8266 and Raspberry Pi 3 B+/OpenPLC) to realize a performance evaluation of Modbus TCP.

Keywords 

Modbus, Internet of Things, Programmable Logic Controllers, Security, DDoS, Network Evaluation,
Benchmark.
                       

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AN ADAPTIVE DIFFSERV APPROACH TO SUPPORT QOS IN NETWORK MOBILITY NEMO ENVIRONMENTEVALUATION OF MODBUS TCP IN NORMAL OPERATION AND UNDER A DISTRIBUTED DENIAL OF SERVICE ATTACK

Loay F. Hussein ^1,2 , Aisha-Hassan AbdallaHashim² , Mohamed Hadi Habaebi² , and Wan Haslina Hassan³

¹ Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Saudi Arabia

²Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

³Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Abstract 

Network Mobility Basic Support (NEMO BS) protocol (RFC 3963) is an extension of Mobile IPv6. The NEMO BS embraced by IETF working group to permit any node in the portable network to be accessible to the Internet despite the fact the network itself is roaming. This protocol likewise Mobile IPv6 doesn’t deliver any kind of Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees to its clients. It can barely offer the same level of services (i.e. Best-Effort) to all the users without obligation to the application’s needs. This propositions a challenge to real-time applications that demand a precise level of QoS pledge. The Differentiated Services has recently come to be the most widely used QoS support technology in IP networks due to its relative simplicity and scalability benefits. This paper proposes a new scheme to provide QoS to mobile network nodes within NEMO context. The proposed scheme intends to reduce handover latency for the users of MNN as well as alleviates packet losses. The feasibility of the proposed enhancement is assessed by measuring its performance against the native NEMO BS standard protocol using NS-2 simulator. The obtained results in the simulation study have demonstrated that the proposed scheme outperforms the standard NEMO BS protocol.

Keywords 

Mobile IPv6, FHMIPv6, NEMO, QoS, DiffServ. 
                       

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COMPARATIVE AND QOS PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF TERRESTRIAL-AERIAL PLATFORMS-SATELLITES SYSTEMS FOR TEMPORARY EVENTS

Faris. A. Almalki

Department of Computer Engineering, College of Computers and Information Technology
Taif University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Abstract 

Wireless communications, nowadays, becomes a vital element of people’s daily life. Providing global connectivity in future communication systems via the heterogeneous network opens up many research topics to investigate potentialities, enabling technologies, and challenges from the perspective of the integrated wireless systems. This paper aims to drive a comprehensive and comparative study on terrestrial-aerial platforms- satellite wireless communications systems, includes their characteristics and unravelling challenges. The comparison focuses on issues that reportedly can evaluate any wireless systems for temporary events. These issues are altitude and coverage, Radio Frequency (RF) propagation, interference, handover, power supply constraints, deployment and maintenance challenges, reliability on special events or disaster relief, cost-effectiveness and environmental impact. Last, Quality of service (QoS) performance is analysed for the four wireless communication systems from the temporary events perspective using the OPNET Modeller simulation tool. Results infer that space-based wireless systems outperform terrestrial ones.

Keywords 

Terrestial; Aerial Platforms; Satellites; QoS Performance; Temporary Events
                       

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MULTI-CLUSTER MULTI-CHANNEL SCHEDULING (MMS) ALGORITHM FOR MAXIMUM DATA COLLECTION WITH DELAY MINIMIZATION IN WSN

A. Vijayalakshmi¹ and P. Vanaja Ranjan²

 ¹Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai, India

²Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, College of Engineering Anna University, Chennai. India

Abstract 

Interference during data transmission can cause performance degradation like packet collisions in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). While multi-channels available in IEEE 802.15.4 protocol standard WSN technology can be exploited to reduce interference, allocating channel and channel switching algorithms can have a major impact on the performance of multi-channel communication. This paper presents an improved Fuzzy Logic based Cluster Formation and Cluster Head (CH) Selection algorithm with enhanced network lifetime for multi-cluster topology. The Multi-Cluster Multi-Channel Scheduling (MMS) algorithm proposed in this paper improves the data collection by minimizing the maximum interference and collision. The presented work has developed Cluster formation and cluster head (CH) selection algorithm and Interference-free data communication by proper channel scheduled. The extensive simulation and experimental outcomes prove that the proposed algorithm not only provides an interference-free transmission but also provides delay minimization and longevity of the network lifetime, which makes the presented algorithm suitable for energy-constrained wireless sensor networks.

Keywords 

Wireless Sensor Networks, Fuzzy Logic, Cluster Formation, Cluster Head, Channel Assignment, Channel Switching, Delay Minimization, Network Lifetime.
                       

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THE METHOD OF DETECTING ONLINE PASSWORD ATTACKS BASED ON HIGH-LEVEL PROTOCOL ANALYSIS AND CLUSTERING TECHNIQUES

Nguyen Hong Son¹ and Ha Thanh Dung²

¹Faculty of Information Technology Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Technology, Vietnam 

²Faculty of Information Systems and Remote Sensing Ho Chi Minh City University of Natural Resources and Environments, Vietnam

Abstract 

Although there have been many solutions applied, the safety challenges related to the password security mechanism are not reduced. The reason for this is that while the means and tools to support password attacks are becoming more and more abundant, the number of transaction systems through the Internet is increasing, and new services systems appear. For example, IoT also uses password-based authentication. In this context, consolidating password-based authentication mechanisms is critical, but monitoring measures for timely detection of attacks also play an important role in this battle. The password attack detection solutions being used need to be supplemented and improved to meet the new situation. In this paper we propose a solution that automatically detects online password attacks in a way that is based solely on the network, using unsupervised learning techniques and protected application orientation. Our solution therefore minimizes dependence on the factors encountered by host-based or supervised learning solutions. The certainty of the solution comes from using the results of in-depth analysis of attack characteristics to build the detection capacity of the mechanism. The solution was implemented experimentally on the real system and gave positive results.

Keywords 

Online password attack detection, unsupervised learning, protocol analysis, DBSCAN clustering algorithm 
                       

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CONTROLLING DELAY AT THE ROUTER BUFFER USING MODIFIED RANDOM EARLY DETECTION

Ahmad Adel Abu-Shareha

 Information Technology and Computing Department, Arab Open University (AOU),
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Abstract 

Active Queue Management (AQM) methods are used to manage the buffer of the network routers and avoid the problems caused by network congestion, especially packet loss. Among various AQM methods that have been proposed in the literature, Random Early Detection (RED)method has proved to stabilize the network performance under various traffic loads. However, as the primary concern of RED is to avoid loss when the router buffer overflowed, RED harms the delay at the router and increases the latency. Given that reducing delay is critical to some applications, such as online conferencing and broadcasting, RED needs to be adjusted to ease the delay problem. In this paper, RED is improved by monitoring the delay at the router buffer and implementing packet dropping to handle the issue of network delay and enhance the network performance. Accordingly, the modified method calculates and used a delay parameter with the RED to reduce the delay while maintaining the desirable RED’s characteristics. The experimental results showed that the proposed Delay-Controller Random Early Detection (DcRED) improved network performance under various traffic loads. Compared to RED, DcRED results in less delay, while maintaining the loss and dropping rates.

Keywords 

Delay, Congestion, Random Early Detection, Active Queue Management

                       

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Developing QoS by Priority Routing for Real Time Data in Internet of Things (IoT) Urban Scenarios

Radwan S. Abujassar

Information Technology and Computing (ITC) Arab Open University, Kuwait Branch

Abstract 

In networks, many application protocols such as CoAP, REST, XMPP ,AMQP have been proposed for IoT communication which includes p2p or S2S. In MANET Network convergence does the way for improvements in Internet of Things (IoT) communication with high potential for a wide range of applications. Each protocol focuses on some aspects of communication in the IoT. Hence, these application protocols have indicated of how IoT has integrated to enhanced and developed of a new service that require to guarantees the wide range offered by the quality of services. In this paper, we will introduce a smart pathway that can be bridge the gap between IoT services with its real data traffic. Therefore, we enhanced the MANET routing protocol for computing two or more paths to pass the more that one high priority real traffic data via these paths to improve the gloomy picture of this protocol in the context of IoT. In particular, the good services with high timely delivery of urgent data such as real time data environmental monitoring. After surveying the published and available protocol interoperability given for urban sensing. In this research, we have proposed a novel solution to integrate MANET overlays, and collaboratively formed over MANET, to boost urban data in IoT. Overlays are used to dynamic differentiate and fasten the delivery of high priority real application time data over low-latency MANET paths by integrating with the original specifications. Our experimental results showed the effectiveness on the network such as the overhead and network congestion. In addition, the initial results of the light-weight improved the routing protocol over the baseline protocols in terms of the delay of reciveing the packets between nodes which lead to increase the throughput by reducing loss packets.

Keywords 

Quality of Service (QoS), Adhoc on demand Distance Vector Alternative (ODVA), Open Link State Routing (OLSR),Internet Of Thing(IOT)

                       

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